Prenatal Diagnosis
.... risk is the same as in amniocentesis.
Amniocentesis
Amniocentesis is performed at 15-20 weeks of pregnancy. It will detect chromosome abnormalities and other certain genetic disorders. This test can detect up to 95% of neural tube disorders such as spina bifida. It is done by inserting a needle near but not through the woman's naval into the amniotic sac. A small amount of amniotic fluid is withdrawn and sent for laboratory testing. Cells are then separated from the fluid and cultured. After the cells are cultured they can be tested for genetic disorder. The amniotic fluid is measured for the concentration of alpha-fetoprote .....
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Tobacco: Opposing Viewpoints
.... U.S. was not the first country to use cigarettes, in eighteen eighty three American James Bonsack developed a cigarette rolling machine. Where a skilled cigarette roller could roll about four hundred cigarettes per day, the cigarette machine could produce one hundred and twenty thousand. Mass production also caused the price of a pack of cigarettes to be cut in half.
With a “smoking epidemic” on our hands, it was only a matter of time before an anti-smoking movement erupted. Concerned citizens pressured for anti-smoking laws. Many states adopted strict policies, some less strict. In Wisconsin and Nebraska, possession of tobacco .....
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Reproductive Technologies
.... high number eggs that must be used in order to up the potential of “making a baby”. Many of these couples have options of selected abortion to limit the risk to mother and child. These issues have many feminists and doctors having heated arguments over whether or not to abolish, regulate or just let the infertility drugs go on there course.
The first article that I read and analyzed was written by Janice G. Raymond, she argues that all Reproductive Technologies should be banned. Janice argues that the IVF and surrogate mother hood (the implantation of another couples fetus into another woman to carry the pregnancy full term) “ .....
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Creatine Supplements And Athletes
.... be produced in your liver, pancreas and kidneys or can be obtained from a diet rich in meat or fish (2.2 pounds of meat contains approximately 5 grams of creatine). Ingesting creatine increase the amounts of free creatine and phosphocreatine (PCr) in the muscle. The energy to rephosphoryate adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is largely determined by the PCr in the muscle. During brief-explosive type exercises, our bodies use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to provide immediate release of energy. At any given time, your body contains roughly 90 grams of ATP. ATP breaks down to adenosine diphosphate (ADP .....
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The Parkinson Patient At Home
.... as this unless you know what it is. It may sometimes be diffi- cult to decide what to tell the neighbors and visitors who come regularly to the house as well as servants and others around the patient and family. It is, nevertheless, our opinion that you should be frank and honest in telling them that he has Parkinson's disease. Frankness of this type eliminates guesses that involve insanity, feeblemindedness, alcoholic brain disease, cancer of the brain, impending stroke, or something worse.
THE PREVENTION OF FALLS IN THE HOME:
Since the disorder involves awkwardness and slowness of muscle movements, periodic freezin .....
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The Middle Of Life
.... spirits. They must also handle any kind of regret or feeling of failure about their time and place as a parent.
As a mid-life parent, some people (mostly women) can feel caught in the "sandwich generation". This means they are taking care of not only their children, but often grandparents all the way down to grandchildren. This would be a major stressor and crisis on the mid-life parent because they would feel as though they were not doing enough for each generation. Being sandwiched like this would also be a demanding and strenuous crisis because in this time when the older adult should be looking at their own lives and re- .....
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Female Genital Mutilation And Culture
.... weeks until the wound heals; a tiny opening is created by inserting a splinter of wood to allow urination. Thus virginity, which is considered especially important by Moslem men, can be proven.
These dangerous operations result in permanent damage: hemorrhage and shock, which may be fatal; many infections including tetanus, scaring which obstructs normal childbirth and may result in the death of both mother and child; infertility due to infection. And that’s not all, FGM causes urinary and menstrual problems, frigidity, painful intercourse, and many, many needless deaths. The highest childbirth mortality is recorded in are .....
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Cognitive Development In Children
.... narrow, continuous, quantitative changes (Westen, 1996).
Though these theories approach cognitive development from different angles, their advancements into how a child constructs thought and thinks are not totally at odds with one another as they similarly compare in some aspects.
This essay will discuss how these two theories compare and contrast, and in conclusion elucidate why Mary's seven-year-old son sometimes thinks very differently to his three-year-old brother.
Body of Evidence
The Piagetian theory of cognitive development emphasises the relationship between biological and physiological functioning (Hughes .....
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People Vs. The Tobacco Industry
.... and even change the social status of men, women, and teens. A camel smoking a cigarette, wearing a leather jacket, with several beautiful ladies surrounding him portrays that smoking is for tough and outgoing ladies’ men. Models are used to illustrate that smoking will make women thinner and more glamorous. Slogans such as “You’ve come a long way, baby” interprets women’s entrance in the business world. Teens are especially being targeted because they make up 90% of all new smokers. Ads imply that smoking will make teens look mature. Companies such as Marlboro even give points that can be achieved with each carton of cigarett .....
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The Evolution Of The Eye
.... eyes of animals have evolved the way that they have, we must also understand the environment in which animals have needed to adapt to.
The theory of lens design has two basic models. The convex lens, or plus lens, is known as a converging lens. When light passes through this lens, it is bent toward the optical axis, which is the direction in which the light was traveling, and is generally perpendicular to the optical element. Depending on the power of the lens, the light that passes through it will come to a focal point at some distance beyond it. Once the light is focused to a point, the light will then spread a .....
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Pregnancy, Lactation, And Infancy
.... bones, muscles, organs, blood cells, skin, and other tissue are made from nutrients in the foods the mother eats. Nutrients needs during pregnancy and lactation are higher than at any other time. A pregnant women needs extra food energy, but only alittle extra, 400kcalories above the allowance for nonpregnant women, and only during the second and third trimester. Pregant teenagers, underweight women, and physically active women may require more. The protein RDA for pregnancy is 10 grams per day higher than a nonpregnant women. Pregnant women in the United States receive 75 to 110 grams of protein in a day. .....
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Autism
.... 1900s Lightner Witmer wrote about a boys problem, describing his behavior, which would more than likely be labeled as autism today. Several old theories about the cause of autism have been proven false. Autism is not a mental illness. Children with autism are not uncooperative kids with a behavior problem. Autism is not caused by bad parents who gave their child too little attention. The researchers who have implied this have never showed enough reliable clinical evidence to prove their statements
The term autism refers to an empty, withdrawn appearance. A lot of autistic individuals though, are attractive in their physica .....
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