What Are The Major Components Of Biological Membranes And How Do They Contribute To Membrane Function?.
.... is remarkably similar.
All membranes are composed of lipid, protein and carbohydrate, but it is
the ratio of these components that varies. For example the protein component may
be as high as 80% in Erythrocytes, and as low as 18% in myelinated neurones.
Alternately, the lipid component may be as high as 80% in myelinated neurones,
and as low as 15% in skeletal muscle fibres.
The initial model for membrane structure was proposed by Danielli and
Davson in the late 1930s. They suggested that the plasma membrane consisted of a
lipid bilayer coated on both sides by protein. In 1960, Michael Robertson
proposed the U .....
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The Search For Black Holes: Both As A Concept And An Understanding
.... ideas among
people outside of the astronomical and physical communities. Before an
understanding of how it is formed can take place, a bit of an introduction to
stars is necessary. This will shed light (no pun intended) on the black hole
philosophy.
A star is an enormous fire ball, fueled by a nuclear reaction at its
core which produces massive amounts of heat and pressure. It is formed when two
or more enormous gaseous clouds come together which forms the core, and as an
aftereffect the conversion, due to that impact, of huge amounts of energy from
the two clouds. The clouds come together with a great enough force, .....
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Murder, Rape, And DNA
.... used by taking semen off the body of
clothes then amplifying the genes. The machine that copies the DNA is called
the PCR. The DNA is then cut and placed the wells in trays. PCR copies the
small pieces of DNA. It is performed by a blotting process. This process has
21 different catogories.
Other tests include those for tracing genetic diseases within families,
finding the genes that cause genetic diseases. DNA Typing can also prove the
relationship with families.
DNA Typing is becoming more common than ever. This process is helping
to free convicted people of crimes they may not have committed by taking samples
of the p .....
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New Developments Or Research In Genetic Cloning: Summary
.... of the paper contains a brief discussion about the
advantages and the disadvantages of genetic cloning. It speculates how our
future will improve due to the technologies we are developing, and also the
biggest drawbacks which might come from it.
The last part of the paper, is the explanation of complicated terms used
in this paper. The terms which will be explained are printed in bold terms
throughout the paper. This section, the glossary, is like the ones which
appears in textbooks.
New Developments or Research in Genetic Cloning
Genetic cloning is one of the many aspects which has been recently
introduced to impro .....
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On Darwin's Theory Of Natural Selection
.... where he noticed a wide
array of finches whose beaks were different sizes. He believed that the
physical conditions on the island did not affect the birds' beaks, but it was
the birds' feeding habits. For instance, the birds with the large, powerful
beaks ate large seeds, while the birds with the small or fine beaks, ate small
seeds or insects. He theorized that each bird was suited to its surroundings
and was adapted to its environment, thus the birds best suited to the
environment prevailed and reproduced, leaving those who did not adapt, extinct.
In his book, On the Origin of Species, Darwin presented the idea that
speci .....
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Orangutans
.... is a great deal of individual variety in the orangutan. "Each
orang-utan had a distinct personality and in dealing with such highly
intelligent animals in captivity, the keeper's knowledge of the individual was
probably more important than the knowledge of the overall behaviour patterns "
(Markham, 1980). Orangutan males, however, appear to be totally intolerant of
one another, especially the Borneo males who are even aggressive towards females
and infants. Male orangutans' participation in social groups is limited to
sexual "consortship" with females. However, the Sumatran males tend to stay with
females for a longer period .....
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Facts About Orthoptera
.... will eat holes in paper or in garments especially those soiled
with persperation. They also eat young roots and seedlings, peanuts, garden
crops, grain, clothing, and sometimes other insects and even each other.
Grasshoppers are a different story. They eat crops and destroy millions of
dollars a year in them. Cockroaches are just a pest and they eat almost any
thing. Cockroaches feed on a great variety of foods, meats, cheeses, sweets,
and starches(like the starch in clothing or in the glue like that in book
bindings, and stamps.). When abundant they may also eat human hair, skin and
nails. They secrete sticky, odorous fluid .....
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The Tragic Challenger Explosion
.... born in 1948, was the famous winner of the teacher-in-space
program, was a high school teacher at Concord, N. H., a wife, and a mother of
two children. She touched the lives of all those she knew and taught. As a
school official in Concord said after her death, "To us, she seemed average.
But she turned out to be remarkable. She handled success so beautifully." She
also wanted everyone to learn more, including herself. Demonstrating her
aspirations after entering the space program, she is quoted saying, "What are we
doing here? We're reaching for the stars." Also, after reflecting on her
position, she said in August 19 .....
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PCR And Its Use
.... 95degC, primer annealing at 55degC, and
primer extension at 72deg C, typically 30 seconds, 30 seconds, and 60 seconds
for the DNA Thermal Cycler and 4 seconds, 10 seconds, and 60 seconds for the
Thermal Cycler 9600, respectively."
Basically, that means that they set it to certain temperatures, then put it in
different cyles for different amounts of time. PCR machines can be compared
with washing machines. There are the different temperatures (here for example,
there is 72degC, where in the washing machine you would set it to cold/cold
respectively.
For it to properly replicate, we must know how to match each of the following: .....
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Photosynthesis
.... of all the plants at the end of six weeks
and record the data.
The first step of photosynthesis is the absorption of light by a
chlorophyll molecule. "The energy of the absorbed photon is transferred from
one chlorophyll molecule to another until it reaches a site called a reaction
center....One oxygen molecule is produced per eight photons absorbed." (Alberty
708) James Huheey, professor at the University of Maryland, talks about
chlorophyll in his book Inorganic Chemistry: "Chlorophyll absorbs low-energy
light in the far red region....Such absorption serves a twofold function: (1)The
energy may be passed along to the chlorophy .....
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