A Study Of The Market Reforms In Post-Communist Eastern Europe With A Specific Case Study Of Poland
.... large factories to keep production high - they,
thus, did not have the funds or ability to affect the necessary changes to their
means of production), the "information age" meant that the communist bloc had to
deny the new prevalent types of technology, which would spread Western ideas,
and thus they fell behind), and "software" became essential to the growth of
industry (the "hardware" focus of the East could not absorb this new approach.
As well, the changes are being attempted in a deep period of economic
crisis that make an already difficult process even more difficult.
Changing the Economy
Systematic transformation requi .....
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Economic Espionage
.... increased the risk of economic espionage. The collapse of the
Soviet Union has left unemployed KGB and other former communist bloc
intelligence agents selling everything from Russian night vision devices to
completely assembled and functional bugging devices. Even friendly western
European governments have been caught spying on private corporations based in
the U.S. and other countries, while industrial competitors sometimes hire
private companies to collect competitive intelligence from their corporate
rivals( Lester:96). What exactly is economic espionage? how prevalent is it?
Who does it? How do they do it? and what can we .....
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Heavy Weather At American Airlines
.... November when it was first voted on.
It seems as though instead of purchasing new aircraft the pilots wanted a pay
increase. What the pilots want is a pay increase of 11% over the next four
years. What the have been offered is a 5% increase. The argument that the
pilots have put forward is the fact that their offer does not even keep up with
inflation. It looks as though a strike would be very unlikely because of the
amount of money involved, somewhere around fifty million a day would be lost by
American. That big of a loss could be very detrimental to any company.
What can management do with a dilemma like this? It seem t .....
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Oil In America
.... Santa Barbara Channel. It "raged for ten days and killed 3
crewmen".(Easton,10) There were major problems stopping this rig and no matter
what happened there was already enough damage done. On February 23, the well
erupted again. The environmental consequences were evident. As the oil spilled
down towards the south the numbers were staggering of how much oil actually was
pouring out into the ocean. By the month of march 3,000,000 gallons of oil
escaped into the ocean.(Easton,251) Here is where the story is corrupted by the
oil companies. Union Oil, the company responsible for this stated that their
facts "only showed 250,00 .....
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Privateers
.... of Great Britain's merchants.
It is ironic that the entire notion of privateering began in Great Britain.
In 1649 a frigate named Constant-Warwick was constructed in England for a
privateer in the employ of the Earl of Warwick. Seeing how profitable this
investment was, a great many of the English peerage commissioned their own
privateers. The Seven-Years War saw the proliferation of privateering on both
the English and French coasts as each attempted to disrupt their opponent's
colonial trade. American investors quickly entered this battle, commissioning
ships to prey upon cargo vessels coming to and from French colonial .....
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The Effects Of Post-industrialism On The Political Economy Of Western Europe
.... order of mass employment in large-scale
industry has given way to mass unemployment and a breakdown of the political and
social consensus that held sway throughout the post-war period. These changes
have fundamentally altered the Western European labor market. This paper will
show how post-industrialism has dramatically reduced the ability of many Western
European countries to deliver full employment, not simply because of changes in
employment structure, but more importantly because those structural changes have
undermined the institutional framework that allowed Western European countries
to control prices while pursuing fu .....
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The Business Life Of Ancient Athens
.... by famine to go under Peloponnesian rule. By now,
trade had come in an uproar. Many people had found it easy to trade by sea. So
many merchants with not enough money would borrow money from rich people and
then buy cargo space on a ship. In most cases the merchant went on the ship to
get the goods to sell. Then on returning, the merchant would sell the goods,
and then pay off the lender, with a 22.5 percent interest rate. In many cases,
problems occurred, sometimes a merchant returned late, could not pay all of the
money back, or something or other. Therefore the idea of a collateral was
invented. Also, courts were establish .....
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Canada's Economy In 1996
.... and expansion.
A shrinking positive balance of payments indicates these are tough economic
times. A fourth indication of a slight recession is the high unemployment rate.
An unemployment rate of 10.0% in November 1996 is definitely not a sign of
strong economic recovery.
Canada is always trying to work towards the goal of economic growth.
Economic growth is the percentage change of GDP over a period of time and is
also known as the growth rate. In 1996, Canada's GDP has been increasing slowly
since the first quarter. The GDP in the first quarter was 1.8%, then increased
to 2.2% in the second quarter, and in the thir .....
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Optimal Size Of A Firm
.... specialist goods, or caters
to only a very small number of people, will not be able to grow beyond the
capacity of that market. This means that the optimum size for a business in a
market with little growth and only a small number of prospective customers would
be large enough to serve as many customers as it had market share for, but small
enough to ensure that they don't over produce.
If there is a fairly large market for the product/service that a company
is providing, then there is likely to be a large amount of competition in the
market. This means that it would be fairly hard for the company to grow in that
market unless .....
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A Continuous Decline In India, Without Modernization
.... conflicts; (3) loss of caste; (4) social divisions; and, of course
(5) TAXES. With modernization, taxes will definitely increase for India to pay
for the new advances in industry and technology. Taxes are the primary means
for any government to raise money and support its programs. However, the
overall price that India will have to pay will be relatively small compared to
the positive changes modernization will bring.
When India became independent its leaders recognized the urgency of
strengthening the Indian economy. The leaders of new India were determined to
raise the standard of living, which was among the lowe .....
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Corporate Culture : The Key To Understanding Work Organisations
.... imagination and was fanatical about detail. He built up a
multinational company on the strength of his ability to promote free thinking
coupled with the attention to detail that is required to produce a world class
computer within the organisation that he ran.
It is quite clear that if the cultures of these two organisations were
transposed there would be internal chaos and the company's would lose their
positions within their markets. A McDonald's restaurant that started to add
flair to its menu would soon cut in to the company's tightly controlled profit
margins whereas a company with tightly enforced rules and regulations cou .....
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Deregulation Of The Airline Industry
.... in which the national and regional carriers were suddenly able to
compete in an environment that resembled a free market. Rate schedules were
lifted, price fixing was eliminated and route management was removed. The main
factors that affected whether an airline could serve a particular city was
whether or not that city had enough gates for the new carrier, and whether the
carrier was able to afford to purchase them. Companies such as Southwest
recognized potential for low fares, and began building a niche for themselves by
offering low fares with equivalent low levels of service. Southwest's success
gave rise to a new genera .....
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