Brief History Of Library Automation: 1930-1996
.... the 30's and early 40's progress on computer systems was
slow which is not surprising, given the Depression and World War II. In 1945,
Vannevar Bush envisioned an automated system that would store information,
including books, personal records and articles. Bush(1945) wrote about a
hypothetical "memex" system which he described as a mechanical library that
would allow a user to view stored information from several different access
points and look at several items simultaneously. His ideas are well known as the
basis for hypertext and mputers for their operations. The first appeared at MIT,
in 1957, with the development of COMIT .....
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Brief History Of Databases
.... All of these factors will be influential on
future models of storing data in a pool. According to Martine, in 1981, a
database is a shared collection of interrelated data designed to meet the needs
of multiple types of end users. The data is stored in one location so that they
are independent of the programs that use them, keeping in mind data integrity
with respect to the approaches to adding new data, modifying data, and
retrieving existing data. A database is shared and perceived differently by
multiple users. This leads to the arrival of Database Management Systems.
These systems first appeared around the 1970=s as solut .....
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A Hacker
.... computers and
dial-up computer networks, hacker acquired a pejorative connotation, often
referring to someone who secretively invades others' computers, inspecting or
tampering with the programs or data stored on them. (More accurately, though,
such a person would be called a “cracker.”) Hacker also means someone who,
beyond mere programming, likes to take apart operating systems and programs to
see what makes them tick
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A Long Way From Univac
.... the inner workings of the computer with everyone. IBM hoped
that this would encourage companies to manufacture computers that were
compatible with theirs, and that in turn, would cause software companies to
create operating systems, or OS, and other programs for the ³IBM Compatible²
line of computers. One of the computer manufacturers was a Texas company called
Compaq. A company called Dell Computers was the first ³factory direct² computer
seller. A small Redmond, Washington company called Microsoft made a large
amount of software for the ³IBM Compatible² line of computers. This open
architecture policy of IBM was not without .....
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America And The Computer Industry
.... dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father who was a tax collector
(Soma, 32).
In the early 1800's, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an
automatic calculation machine. It was steam powered and could store up to 1000
50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included
everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed by—
and stored data on—cards with holes punched in them, appropriately called
"punchcards". His inventions were failures for the most part because of the lack
of precision machining techniques used at the time and the lack of demand for
such a dev .....
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An Ergonomic Evaluation Of The Kinesis Computer Keyboard
.... a lot of regular computer users. Thus, studies dedicated to it have
been done. This report is based on one of the studies about an ergonomic
keyboard from a manufacturer called Kinesis. This study looks not only on the
effect of the keyboard on the users' body by mean of electromyographic activity
but also on the learning rate of the users changing to this new style of
keyboard. This is very useful since slow learning rate would lead to the
decrease in effectiveness of work. Introduced in 1868 by Christopher Sholes,
computer keyboard is still the primary data entry mode for most computer users.
With the increase of .....
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Computer Communications
.... appearing on systems all over the world, in places as
far away as Finland and Germany - with free telnet access!
I didn't live life as a normal twelve-year-old kid that summer. I sat in front
of the monitor twenty-four hours a day, eating my meals from a plate set next to
the keyboard, stopping only to sleep. When I went back to school in the fall, I
was elected the first president of Teleport 2000, partially because I was the
only student in-the school with a freenet account, but mostly because my
enthusiasm for this new, exciting world was contagious.
Today, as the business world is becoming more aware of the advantages of .....
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America Online: Is It For Me?
.... as much as you tell them. If they ask for your password, credit
card number, or any other personal info, you don't have to tell them that
information. When you first sign on AOL staff will ask for things like name,
age, address, phone number, and your credit card or checking account number.
These things remain confidential and are used only for billing purposes.
If anyone ask for personal information you can easily report them to AOL.
When someone is reported they are either warned or kicked off the Internet.
You can also report people that swear or use any kind of offensive words.
Many of the chat rooms are guarded by "on .....
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Application Software
.... to create brochures, advertisements, and
newsletters.
An electronic spreadsheet enables a user to organize data in a fashion
similar to a paper spreadsheet. The difference is the user does not have to
perform calculations manually; electronic spreadsheets can be instructed to
perform any computation desired. The contents of an electronic spreadsheet can
be easily modified by the user. Once the data is modified, all calculations in
the spreadsheet are recomputed automatically. Many electronic spreadsheet
packages also enable a user to graph the data in his or her spreadsheet
(Wakefield 98-110).
A database management system (D .....
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Artificial Intellegence: Identification And Description Of The Issue
.... Park ). Movie characters like the terminator would walk, talk and do
actions by its self mimicking a human through the use of Artificial Intelligence.
Movies and Television robots don't have Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) but are
made to look like they do. This gives us the viewers a reality of robotics with
AI.
Understanding Of The IT Background Of The Issue
Artificial Intelligence means " Behavior performed by a machine that would
require some degree of intelligence if carried out by a human ". The Carwash
machine has some intelligence which enables it to tell the precise temperature
of the water it is spraying ont .....
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Artificial Intelligence
.... in neural network technology . This study was
funded by the Banking Commission in its effort to deter fraud.
Overview
Recently, the thrust of studies into practical applications for artificial
intelligence have focused on exploiting the expectations of both expert systems
and neural network computers. In the artificial intelligence community, the
proponents of expert systems have approached the challenge of simulating
intelligence differently than their counterpart proponents of neural networks.
Expert systems contain the coded knowledge of a human expert in a field; this
knowledge takes the form of "if-then" rules. The problem .....
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The History Of Computers
.... rules,
one sliding inside the other, and marked with many number scales. This slide
ruler could do such calculations as division, multiplication, roots, and
logarithms.
Soon after came some more advanced computers. In 1642 came Blaise
Pascal's computer, the Pascaline. It was considered to be the first automatic
calculator. It consisted of gears and interlocking cogs. It was so that you
entered the numbers with dials. It was originally made for his father, a tax
collector.2 Then he went on to build 50 more of these Pascaline's, but clerks
would not uses them.3 They did this in fear that they would loose their jobs.4
Soon after .....
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