As the easterly trade winds decrease, the western Pacific's warm water flows toward the Americas. This giant mass of warm water flows over the colder water of the eastern Pacific. As this occurs, we get what is called El Nino, or the child. Its name ("the child") is derived from its arrival during the Christmas season. Typical weather patterns of El Nino include an increase in surface temperatures as well as an increase in cloud cover over the equator. Also, for unknown reasons, a large high pressure system is formed over Australia while a low pressure system is formed over the central Pacific. Because winds move out of a high and into a low, the clouds th....

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